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Atmospheric vacuum breakers may be used only on connections to a non-potable system where the vacuum breaker is never subjected to back pressure, and is installed on the discharge side of the last control valve. It must be installed above the usage point. It cannot be used under continuous pressure. (Also see #7)

They may be used where the degree of hazard is low, meaning the non-potable source is polluted rather than contaminated.

The most commonly used atmospheric anti-siphon vacuum breakers incorporate an atmospheric vent in combination with a check valve. Its operation depends on a supply of potable water to seal off the atmospheric vent, admitting the water to downstream equipment. If a negative pressure develops in the supply line, the loss of pressure permits the check valve to drop sealing the orifice while at the same time the vent opens admitting air to the system to break the vacuum.

Absolutely not! If there is an increase in the downstream pressure over that of the supply pressure, the check valve would tend to "modulate" thus permitting the backflow of contaminated water to pass through the orifice into the potable water supply line.

This term is applied to an installation in which the pressure is being supplied continuously to a backflow preventer for periods of over 12 hours at a time. Laboratory faucet equipment, for example, is entirely suitable for a non-pressure, atmospheric anti-siphon vacuum breaker because the supply is periodically being turned on and shut off. A vacuum breaker should never be subjected to continuous pressure unless it is of the continuous pressure type and clearly identified for this service.

Did you know that by installing this valve, you can protect your plumbing system and save water? This valve reduces incoming water pressure to keep your pipes, appliances, and fixtures safe from high water pressure. It has a maximum working pressure of 300 PSI, an adjustable reduced pressure range of 25 to 75 PSI, and a standard pressure rating of 75 PSI. It's also an environmentally friendly choice that saves you money on costly repairs. Plus, it's durable with a bronze body construction, high temperature-resistant reinforced diaphragm, and stainless steel corrosion-resistant adjusting & cage screws. Perfect for outdoor or pit installations, it's easy to maintain with its replaceable seat module.

Back siphonage is the reversal of normal flow in a system caused by a negative pressure (vacuum or partial vacuum) in the supply piping.

Fire protection systems are most commonly constructed of uncoated black iron pipe which is considered by plumbing officials to be unacceptable as water system piping material.

Are you tired of dealing with the problems that come with high water pressure? Leaky pipes, burst fixtures, and skyrocketing water bills can be a thing of the past with the Watts LF25AUB-Z3 2-inch pressure-reducing valve. This valve is the ultimate solution to your water pressure woes.

A cross-connection is a direct arrangement of a piping line which allows the potable water supply to be connected to a line which contains a contaminant. An example is the common garden hose attached to a tap with the end of the hose lying in a pool of muddy water. Another example would be a garden hose attached to a tap with the end of the hose submerged in a tub full of detergent.

No more high water pressure headaches!Are you tired of dealing with the problems that come with high water pressure? Leaky pipes, burst fixtures, and skyrocketing water bills can be a thing of the past with the Watts LF25AUB-Z3 2-inch pressure-reducing valve. This valve is the ultimate solution to your water pressure woes.Did you know that by installing this valve, you can protect your plumbing system and save water? This valve reduces incoming water pressure to keep your pipes, appliances, and fixtures safe from high water pressure. It has a maximum working pressure of 300 PSI, an adjustable reduced pressure range of 25 to 75 PSI, and a standard pressure rating of 75 PSI. It's also an environmentally friendly choice that saves you money on costly repairs. Plus, it's durable with a bronze body construction, high temperature-resistant reinforced diaphragm, and stainless steel corrosion-resistant adjusting & cage screws. Perfect for outdoor or pit installations, it's easy to maintain with its replaceable seat module.With over 140 years of experience, Watts has a proven track record of delivering high-quality products and innovative solutions that meet the highest standards of performance, durability, and reliability. Get the Watts LF25AUB-Z3 pressure-reducing valve from PlumbersStock and say goodbye to plumbing nightmares caused by high water pressure. Order now!Brought to you by PlumbersStock - your trusted source for quality plumbing supplies.

Back siphonage can be created when there is a stoppage of the water supply due to nearby fire-fighting, repairs or breaks in city main, etc. The effect is similar to the sipping of a drink through a straw, which induces a flow in the opposite direction.

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Ironically, the ordinary garden hose is the most common offender as it can be easily connected to the potable water supply and used for a variety of potentially dangerous applications.

Pressure vacuum breakers may be used as protection for connections to all types of non-potable systems where the vacuum breakers are not subject to back pressure. these units may be used under continuous supply pressure. They must be installed above the usage point. (Spill resistant models for indoor use are also available).

They can be used anywhere you need to protect direct connections from foreign material that might enter the potable system in concentration which does not constitute a health hazard.

Backpressure backflow is the reversal of normal flow in a system due to an increase in the downstream pressure above that of the supply pressure.

Back pressure backflow is created whenever the downstream pressure exceeds the supply pressure which is possible in installations such as heating systems, elevated tanks, and pressure producing systems. An example would be a space-heating boiler operating under 103 to 138 kPa coincidental with a reduction of the city water supply below such pressure (or higher in most commercial boilers). As water tends to flow in the direction of least resistance, a back pressure backflow condition would be created and the contaminated boiler water would flow into the potable water supply.

Hose tap vacuum breakers are small inexpensive devices with hose connections which are simply attached to taps wherever there is a possibility of a hose being attached which could be introduced to a contaminant. However, like the atmospheric vacuum breaker they should not be used under continuous pressure.