Together with the PharmaResearch, a Windows based data acquisition system and a full instrumentation package, the XL 100 permits storage, analysis, and export of compression and ejection force data. PharmaResearch assists during:

Water filterpitcher

Add both UV disinfection and hard water treatment for ultimate protection. Get peace-of-mind knowing that your water is being sterilized against bacteria, viruses, and other microbiological contaminants (such as cryptosporidium and giardia) when it enters your home, and that your appliances are being protecting against the damaging effects of hard water scale.

The unique and patented design of the carrier plate, with dampers, fully isolates vibration from the head piece and machine base. The result is:

waterfilter中文

ecoPLUS™ delivers refreshing, great tasting drinking water and protects your skin and hair from the damaging effects of these contaminants. Our name stands for what we believe in. "eco" stands for a premium water treatment system that delivers pure, healthy water throughout your home in an ecologically-friendly manner - no water waste, no salt required, no electricity, and long-life equipment and media. "Plus" stands for the extra value we provide - our commitment to your satisfaction and to give you more value for your hard-earned dollar. With ecoPLUS™, you will Pay Less and Get More - we guarantee it! If you take the time to compare, we are confident that you will see ecoPLUS™ is simply a superior product at a more economical price. Click Here to take our comparison challenge! Choose a model for detailed information: Very Goodour flagship ecoPLUS™ filtration system Even Better!ecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection OR our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water treatment UltimateecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection AND ecoTAC™ hard water treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™ EP-600US$799.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-ULTUS$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™EP-1000 US$1,049.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Very Good ecoPLUS™ 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600US$799.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000 US$1,049.00 Even Better! ecoPLUS™ w/ UV Sterilizer ecoPLUS™ w/ TAC Hard Water Treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 Ultimate ecoPLUS™ w/ UV & TAC 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-ULT US$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Refreshing, healthy drinking water from every faucet... Removes chlorine & chloramine Removes bad tastes and odors Removes disinfection byproducts Top chefs agree...food and beverages should be prepared in de-chlorinated water for robust flavors... Better tasting coffee, tea, juice No chlorine residual on fruit & veggies Pure flavours from foods Proper, healthy hydration is vital to life, especially when we exercise... Refreshing and great tasting water No chlorine or disinfection byproducts Bottled water quality for pennies Treated water from every faucet... Brush your teeth with treated water Cleaner, healthier air (chlorine and VOCs evaporate into the air when we shower, contaminating our air) Protect your skin from the drying and aging effects of chlorine... Soft, supple, smooth skin Reduce the look of aging Natural hydration Protect your hair from the damaging effects of chlorine which leave hair unmanageable, brittle, and frizzy... Silky smooth hair Better performance of hair care products and dyes Enjoy the benefits of chlorine-free water at every faucet... Environmentally Friendly: Long media life, no replacement filters (except pre-filter) No electricity required No water waste - no drain required! No salt required ecoPLUS™ is a modular treatment system allowing you to conveniently add additional treatment for hard water and/or to improve the microbiological safety of your water. Premium UV Upgrade Optional Microbiological Protection With the infrastructure of cities all over North America crumbling under neglect and budget constraints, many customers have asked us if there was a product that they could add to their system that would provide them with additional insurance and peace-of-mind against the possibility of a failure of their municipal water treatment system. These concerns have arisen due to several high-profile cases of contamination in city water supplies across the continent, some of which have resulted in illness and even death. All of our ecoPLUS™ systems can be equipped with an ultraviolet light (UV) to sterilize bacteria, viruses, and other illness-causing microorganisms which could be present in your water. UV disinfection is safe, effective, economical, and best of all, does not add undesirable chemicals to your water like chlorine or chloramine. We offer a superior UV system with colour LCD display at a lower price than our competitors - simply better value. ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Conditioner Optional ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Treatment Nothing damages your high-end appliances (including water heaters, dishwashers, and clothes washers) more than hard water scale. Hard water minerals form a stubborn scale which damages components, reduces efficiency, and causes unsightly deposits. These same minerals dry out skin and hair, leaving them rough and dull. For protection against the damaging effects of hard water on your plumbing system, hot water heater, and other appliances, consider adding one of our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water conditioners to your system. We use the industry's top selling salt-free conditioning technology called Template Assisted Crystallization (or "TAC" for short). Recommended where water hardness exceeds 7 grains per gallon or 120 parts per million (120 mg/l). Ultimate Protection Ultimate Protection Add both UV disinfection and hard water treatment for ultimate protection. Get peace-of-mind knowing that your water is being sterilized against bacteria, viruses, and other microbiological contaminants (such as cryptosporidium and giardia) when it enters your home, and that your appliances are being protecting against the damaging effects of hard water scale.

Nothing damages your high-end appliances (including water heaters, dishwashers, and clothes washers) more than hard water scale. Hard water minerals form a stubborn scale which damages components, reduces efficiency, and causes unsightly deposits. These same minerals dry out skin and hair, leaving them rough and dull. For protection against the damaging effects of hard water on your plumbing system, hot water heater, and other appliances, consider adding one of our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water conditioners to your system. We use the industry's top selling salt-free conditioning technology called Template Assisted Crystallization (or "TAC" for short). Recommended where water hardness exceeds 7 grains per gallon or 120 parts per million (120 mg/l).

As an option, the XL 100 offers the integrated press force control PharmaControl® to permit automatic weight control and single-tablet rejection.

Waterpurifier Costco

The XL 100 features an integrated electrical cabinet and a very simple and robust mechanical design. The fully self-contained and portable machine is the ideal tool for the product development. The XL 100 offers extreme accessibility to the compression zone (no corner columns), an exchangeable turret for maximum flexibility, and a combination of quick-disconnects and smooth surfaces that permit fast cleaning and changeover.

Our name stands for what we believe in. "eco" stands for a premium water treatment system that delivers pure, healthy water throughout your home in an ecologically-friendly manner - no water waste, no salt required, no electricity, and long-life equipment and media. "Plus" stands for the extra value we provide - our commitment to your satisfaction and to give you more value for your hard-earned dollar. With ecoPLUS™, you will Pay Less and Get More - we guarantee it! If you take the time to compare, we are confident that you will see ecoPLUS™ is simply a superior product at a more economical price. Click Here to take our comparison challenge! Choose a model for detailed information: Very Goodour flagship ecoPLUS™ filtration system Even Better!ecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection OR our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water treatment UltimateecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection AND ecoTAC™ hard water treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™ EP-600US$799.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-ULTUS$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™EP-1000 US$1,049.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Very Good ecoPLUS™ 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600US$799.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000 US$1,049.00 Even Better! ecoPLUS™ w/ UV Sterilizer ecoPLUS™ w/ TAC Hard Water Treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 Ultimate ecoPLUS™ w/ UV & TAC 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-ULT US$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Refreshing, healthy drinking water from every faucet... Removes chlorine & chloramine Removes bad tastes and odors Removes disinfection byproducts Top chefs agree...food and beverages should be prepared in de-chlorinated water for robust flavors... Better tasting coffee, tea, juice No chlorine residual on fruit & veggies Pure flavours from foods Proper, healthy hydration is vital to life, especially when we exercise... Refreshing and great tasting water No chlorine or disinfection byproducts Bottled water quality for pennies Treated water from every faucet... Brush your teeth with treated water Cleaner, healthier air (chlorine and VOCs evaporate into the air when we shower, contaminating our air) Protect your skin from the drying and aging effects of chlorine... Soft, supple, smooth skin Reduce the look of aging Natural hydration Protect your hair from the damaging effects of chlorine which leave hair unmanageable, brittle, and frizzy... Silky smooth hair Better performance of hair care products and dyes Enjoy the benefits of chlorine-free water at every faucet... Environmentally Friendly: Long media life, no replacement filters (except pre-filter) No electricity required No water waste - no drain required! No salt required ecoPLUS™ is a modular treatment system allowing you to conveniently add additional treatment for hard water and/or to improve the microbiological safety of your water. Premium UV Upgrade Optional Microbiological Protection With the infrastructure of cities all over North America crumbling under neglect and budget constraints, many customers have asked us if there was a product that they could add to their system that would provide them with additional insurance and peace-of-mind against the possibility of a failure of their municipal water treatment system. These concerns have arisen due to several high-profile cases of contamination in city water supplies across the continent, some of which have resulted in illness and even death. All of our ecoPLUS™ systems can be equipped with an ultraviolet light (UV) to sterilize bacteria, viruses, and other illness-causing microorganisms which could be present in your water. UV disinfection is safe, effective, economical, and best of all, does not add undesirable chemicals to your water like chlorine or chloramine. We offer a superior UV system with colour LCD display at a lower price than our competitors - simply better value. ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Conditioner Optional ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Treatment Nothing damages your high-end appliances (including water heaters, dishwashers, and clothes washers) more than hard water scale. Hard water minerals form a stubborn scale which damages components, reduces efficiency, and causes unsightly deposits. These same minerals dry out skin and hair, leaving them rough and dull. For protection against the damaging effects of hard water on your plumbing system, hot water heater, and other appliances, consider adding one of our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water conditioners to your system. We use the industry's top selling salt-free conditioning technology called Template Assisted Crystallization (or "TAC" for short). Recommended where water hardness exceeds 7 grains per gallon or 120 parts per million (120 mg/l). Ultimate Protection Ultimate Protection Add both UV disinfection and hard water treatment for ultimate protection. Get peace-of-mind knowing that your water is being sterilized against bacteria, viruses, and other microbiological contaminants (such as cryptosporidium and giardia) when it enters your home, and that your appliances are being protecting against the damaging effects of hard water scale.

The complete separation of the product area from the mechanical area guarantees a hygienic working environment that complies with pharmaceutical and food standards. The machine complies all valid FDA-regulations.

Water filterfor sink

With the infrastructure of cities all over North America crumbling under neglect and budget constraints, many customers have asked us if there was a product that they could add to their system that would provide them with additional insurance and peace-of-mind against the possibility of a failure of their municipal water treatment system. These concerns have arisen due to several high-profile cases of contamination in city water supplies across the continent, some of which have resulted in illness and even death. All of our ecoPLUS™ systems can be equipped with an ultraviolet light (UV) to sterilize bacteria, viruses, and other illness-causing microorganisms which could be present in your water. UV disinfection is safe, effective, economical, and best of all, does not add undesirable chemicals to your water like chlorine or chloramine. We offer a superior UV system with colour LCD display at a lower price than our competitors - simply better value.

The XL 100 permits the execution of full compaction studies with limited material quantities. A reduced volume product hopper and reduced volume feeder insure efficient operation, and the control system is fully functional with reduced press tools. The mixed turret design permits the development of B and D size tablets on the same turret.

Water Filter

The machine offers a precompression capability of 10 kN and a main compression capability of 60 kN and a maximal output of 86,400 tablets/h with a maximum press speed of 120 RPM. The 120 RPM press speed permits meaningful data on compression dwell time and feeder dwell time to be developed and analyzed.

SpringWellwaterfiltration systems

ecoPLUS™ is specifically engineered to treat city water by removing chlorine, chloramine, disinfection by-products, bad tastes and odors, and other trace contaminants including VOCs, pesticides, herbicides, organic chemicals, lead, and more. ecoPLUS™ delivers refreshing, great tasting drinking water and protects your skin and hair from the damaging effects of these contaminants. Our name stands for what we believe in. "eco" stands for a premium water treatment system that delivers pure, healthy water throughout your home in an ecologically-friendly manner - no water waste, no salt required, no electricity, and long-life equipment and media. "Plus" stands for the extra value we provide - our commitment to your satisfaction and to give you more value for your hard-earned dollar. With ecoPLUS™, you will Pay Less and Get More - we guarantee it! If you take the time to compare, we are confident that you will see ecoPLUS™ is simply a superior product at a more economical price. Click Here to take our comparison challenge! Choose a model for detailed information: Very Goodour flagship ecoPLUS™ filtration system Even Better!ecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection OR our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water treatment UltimateecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection AND ecoTAC™ hard water treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™ EP-600US$799.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-ULTUS$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™EP-1000 US$1,049.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Very Good ecoPLUS™ 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600US$799.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000 US$1,049.00 Even Better! ecoPLUS™ w/ UV Sterilizer ecoPLUS™ w/ TAC Hard Water Treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 Ultimate ecoPLUS™ w/ UV & TAC 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-ULT US$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Refreshing, healthy drinking water from every faucet... Removes chlorine & chloramine Removes bad tastes and odors Removes disinfection byproducts Top chefs agree...food and beverages should be prepared in de-chlorinated water for robust flavors... Better tasting coffee, tea, juice No chlorine residual on fruit & veggies Pure flavours from foods Proper, healthy hydration is vital to life, especially when we exercise... Refreshing and great tasting water No chlorine or disinfection byproducts Bottled water quality for pennies Treated water from every faucet... Brush your teeth with treated water Cleaner, healthier air (chlorine and VOCs evaporate into the air when we shower, contaminating our air) Protect your skin from the drying and aging effects of chlorine... Soft, supple, smooth skin Reduce the look of aging Natural hydration Protect your hair from the damaging effects of chlorine which leave hair unmanageable, brittle, and frizzy... Silky smooth hair Better performance of hair care products and dyes Enjoy the benefits of chlorine-free water at every faucet... Environmentally Friendly: Long media life, no replacement filters (except pre-filter) No electricity required No water waste - no drain required! No salt required ecoPLUS™ is a modular treatment system allowing you to conveniently add additional treatment for hard water and/or to improve the microbiological safety of your water. Premium UV Upgrade Optional Microbiological Protection With the infrastructure of cities all over North America crumbling under neglect and budget constraints, many customers have asked us if there was a product that they could add to their system that would provide them with additional insurance and peace-of-mind against the possibility of a failure of their municipal water treatment system. These concerns have arisen due to several high-profile cases of contamination in city water supplies across the continent, some of which have resulted in illness and even death. All of our ecoPLUS™ systems can be equipped with an ultraviolet light (UV) to sterilize bacteria, viruses, and other illness-causing microorganisms which could be present in your water. UV disinfection is safe, effective, economical, and best of all, does not add undesirable chemicals to your water like chlorine or chloramine. We offer a superior UV system with colour LCD display at a lower price than our competitors - simply better value. ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Conditioner Optional ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Treatment Nothing damages your high-end appliances (including water heaters, dishwashers, and clothes washers) more than hard water scale. Hard water minerals form a stubborn scale which damages components, reduces efficiency, and causes unsightly deposits. These same minerals dry out skin and hair, leaving them rough and dull. For protection against the damaging effects of hard water on your plumbing system, hot water heater, and other appliances, consider adding one of our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water conditioners to your system. We use the industry's top selling salt-free conditioning technology called Template Assisted Crystallization (or "TAC" for short). Recommended where water hardness exceeds 7 grains per gallon or 120 parts per million (120 mg/l). Ultimate Protection Ultimate Protection Add both UV disinfection and hard water treatment for ultimate protection. Get peace-of-mind knowing that your water is being sterilized against bacteria, viruses, and other microbiological contaminants (such as cryptosporidium and giardia) when it enters your home, and that your appliances are being protecting against the damaging effects of hard water scale.

The XL 100 WipCon® is an innovative, small-scale rotary tablet press that offers a comprehensive Wash-in-Place and high-containment capability for product development, scale-up, and clinical batch production of highly active or potent compounds. In concert with contained peripheral components, the XL 100 WipCon® offers a turnkey and proven R&D solution.

KORSCH offers a wide range of containment solutions on most machine models, including DryCon® and WipCon® executions. With  proven  solutions  across  the  full  containment  range (OEB 3, OEB 4, OEB 5), KORSCH provides a fully turnkey system which is engineered to meet the specific requirements of the project. In partnership with the customer, KORSCH specialists define critical process parameters, including containment requirements, peripheral integration, and automation design. KORSCH engineers are expert in developing the concept, execution, integration, and final SMEPAC testing to fully validate the containment capability.

Water filtersystem for home

With ecoPLUS™, you will Pay Less and Get More - we guarantee it! If you take the time to compare, we are confident that you will see ecoPLUS™ is simply a superior product at a more economical price. Click Here to take our comparison challenge! Choose a model for detailed information: Very Goodour flagship ecoPLUS™ filtration system Even Better!ecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection OR our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water treatment UltimateecoPLUS™ w/ UV disinfection AND ecoTAC™ hard water treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™ EP-600US$799.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 ecoPLUS™EP-600-ULTUS$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute ecoPLUS™EP-1000 US$1,049.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 ecoPLUS™EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Very Good ecoPLUS™ 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600US$799.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000 US$1,049.00 Even Better! ecoPLUS™ w/ UV Sterilizer ecoPLUS™ w/ TAC Hard Water Treatment 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-UVUS$1,457.00 EP-600-TACUS$1,452.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-UV US$2,120.00 EP-1000-TAC US$1,884.00 Ultimate ecoPLUS™ w/ UV & TAC 1 to 3 Bathrooms up to 10 gallons / minute EP-600-ULT US$2,044.00 3 to 6 Bathrooms up to 15 gallons / minute EP-1000-ULT US$2,860.00 Refreshing, healthy drinking water from every faucet... Removes chlorine & chloramine Removes bad tastes and odors Removes disinfection byproducts Top chefs agree...food and beverages should be prepared in de-chlorinated water for robust flavors... Better tasting coffee, tea, juice No chlorine residual on fruit & veggies Pure flavours from foods Proper, healthy hydration is vital to life, especially when we exercise... Refreshing and great tasting water No chlorine or disinfection byproducts Bottled water quality for pennies Treated water from every faucet... Brush your teeth with treated water Cleaner, healthier air (chlorine and VOCs evaporate into the air when we shower, contaminating our air) Protect your skin from the drying and aging effects of chlorine... Soft, supple, smooth skin Reduce the look of aging Natural hydration Protect your hair from the damaging effects of chlorine which leave hair unmanageable, brittle, and frizzy... Silky smooth hair Better performance of hair care products and dyes Enjoy the benefits of chlorine-free water at every faucet... Environmentally Friendly: Long media life, no replacement filters (except pre-filter) No electricity required No water waste - no drain required! No salt required ecoPLUS™ is a modular treatment system allowing you to conveniently add additional treatment for hard water and/or to improve the microbiological safety of your water. Premium UV Upgrade Optional Microbiological Protection With the infrastructure of cities all over North America crumbling under neglect and budget constraints, many customers have asked us if there was a product that they could add to their system that would provide them with additional insurance and peace-of-mind against the possibility of a failure of their municipal water treatment system. These concerns have arisen due to several high-profile cases of contamination in city water supplies across the continent, some of which have resulted in illness and even death. All of our ecoPLUS™ systems can be equipped with an ultraviolet light (UV) to sterilize bacteria, viruses, and other illness-causing microorganisms which could be present in your water. UV disinfection is safe, effective, economical, and best of all, does not add undesirable chemicals to your water like chlorine or chloramine. We offer a superior UV system with colour LCD display at a lower price than our competitors - simply better value. ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Conditioner Optional ecoTAC™ Salt-Free Hard Water Treatment Nothing damages your high-end appliances (including water heaters, dishwashers, and clothes washers) more than hard water scale. Hard water minerals form a stubborn scale which damages components, reduces efficiency, and causes unsightly deposits. These same minerals dry out skin and hair, leaving them rough and dull. For protection against the damaging effects of hard water on your plumbing system, hot water heater, and other appliances, consider adding one of our ecoTAC™ salt-free hard water conditioners to your system. We use the industry's top selling salt-free conditioning technology called Template Assisted Crystallization (or "TAC" for short). Recommended where water hardness exceeds 7 grains per gallon or 120 parts per million (120 mg/l). Ultimate Protection Ultimate Protection Add both UV disinfection and hard water treatment for ultimate protection. Get peace-of-mind knowing that your water is being sterilized against bacteria, viruses, and other microbiological contaminants (such as cryptosporidium and giardia) when it enters your home, and that your appliances are being protecting against the damaging effects of hard water scale.

The XL 100 may be fully instrumented for the measurement of precompression force, main compression force, ejection force, and scrape-off force, to permit product development parameters to be evaluated and stored.

Instead of a simple operator panel, the XL 100 Pro includes an industrial PC like the production machines. This allows to integrate the optional software  PharmaResearch as well as the press force control PharmaControl® that permits additionally data recording. With a 15 inch touch screen, the XL 100 Pro control system offers a graphical and user-friendly environment.